Demythologizing the high costs of pharmaceutical research
نویسندگان
چکیده
It is widely claimed that research to discover and develop new pharmaceuticals entails high costs and high risks. High research and development (R&D) costs influence many decisions and policy discussions about how to reduce global health disparities, how much companies can afford to discount prices for lowerand middle-income countries, and how to design innovative incentives to advance research on diseases of the poor. High estimated costs also affect strategies for getting new medicines to the world’s poor, such as the advanced market commitment, which built high estimates into its inflated size and prices. This article takes apart the most detailed and authoritative study of R&D costs in order to show how high estimates have been constructed by industry-supported economists, and to show how much lower actual costs may be. Besides serving as an object lesson in the construction of ‘facts’, this analysis provides reason to believe that R&D costs need not be such an insuperable obstacle to the development of better medicines. The deeper problem is that current incentives reward companies to develop mainly new medicines of little advantage and compete for market share at high prices, rather than to develop clinically superior medicines with public funding so that prices could be much lower and risks to companies lower as well. BioSocieties advance online publication, 7 February 2011; doi:10.1057/biosoc.2010.40
منابع مشابه
Treatment Costs for Pediatrics Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Comparing Clinical Expenditures in Developed and Developing Countries: a Review Article
Background Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common, yet curable childhood malignancy within the pediatric cancers; but in most developed and developing countries cost of cancer treatment in children with ALL is high. So, we specified the range of expenses for the treatment of pediatric cancer and compared the results in devel...
متن کاملتحلیل روند مصرف و پیش بینی آینده بازار داروهای قلبی- عروقی در ایران
Background and Aim: Variety in the pharmaceutical products and therapeutic groups, development of new pharmaceutical products and heavy costs in the pharmaceutical marketing, force the firms to attend in the specific area, related products and defined basket in order to decrease high marketing costs and act highly and accurately in the target market, costumer recognition and competitor analysis...
متن کاملEffect of Working Capital Management on the Profitability of the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector
The aim of the research is to study the working capital management in the area of pharmaceutical industry. Since the study is associated with the pharmaceutical sector of India, the main reason to choose this sector for the research is that in the case of pharmaceutical firms, the market leadership is not based on product innovation, rather on new product development. Thus these firms of pharma...
متن کاملA Dynamic Model for Promotion of Iranian Pharmaceutical and Biological Enterprises
The purpose of this paper is to make explicit how companies in pharmaceutical sector can ensure their position in different markets by relying on a sustainable competitive advantages resulted from using a good defined marketing model. Various factors are highlighted including high research and development roles and costs, hard government regulation in frame of GMP standard, market analysis to...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011